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Discussion: Old vs. New Technology in Education

  • 1.  Discussion: Old vs. New Technology in Education

    Posted 11-17-1998 11:37
    Apologies for cross posting
    Please forward it to whoever may be interested
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    New formal discussion is starting on 23 November in IFETS forum on the topic:

    "The 'next generation', like tomorrow, never comes"

    (Shouldn't we be learning how to make tried and tested 'old' technologies work
    for us and our students, in reliable and pedagogically effective ways, instead
    of being seduced by the blandishments of the technocrats?)

    Moderator: Chris O'Hagan
    Dean of Learning Development, University of Derby, United Kingdom

    Summariser: Karen Allnutt
    Instructional/training software developer, University of Iowa, USA

    (Pre-discussion summary below)


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    * Pre-discussion summary

    "The next generation, like tomorrow, never comes"

    With each successive generation of new educational technologies the dawn of a
    revolution in teaching and learning is heralded. There have been many such dawns
    in the last 30 years, during which the desktop computer and the Internet have
    been developed; but there have been similar dawns throughout the century - film,
    radio, records, broadcast television, audiotape, videotape, programmed learning
    machines etc. Each time enthusiasts have announced the transformation or even the
    end of the school/college/university. In fact, the impact on the bulk of teaching
    and learning has been minimal. Developments in paper/printing technologies have
    had far more influence, with the consequence that face-to-face discussion and
    paper resources still dominate public education. Audio-visual media have been
    treated more as an icing-on-the-cake than as something at the very heart of
    learning - and likewise their long-suffering support services (though the new
    media, particularly video, have fared somewhat better in the development of
    corporate training programmes).

    Is the current information and communication technology (ICT) revolution
    different from earlier audio-visual `revolutions'? Possibly. Probably. But its
    success in public education may be compromised (yet again) by a failure to learn
    from past mistakes. As usual we have the problems of compatibility, standards
    changes, reliability, portability, flexibility, costs of access, obsolescence,
    inappropriate use etc. These are probably not insoluble. More deeply entrenched
    we have next-generationitis (hang on in, the solution is just round the corner)
    which impedes proper investment and embedding; we have failure to empower
    teachers (with those who provide and support technologies manoeuvring to retain
    their control, often only interested in working at the next technological
    frontier) which impedes autonomous use and wide diffusion; we have teaching
    staff who cannot use an overhead projector effectively, never mind use text-based
    cmc or combine text and images in a computer package (and who have never even
    learned to design reliable multiple choice tests on paper, for example) - which
    discredits change through poor quality and failed effort.

    I exaggerate for effect - but not much. There is, of course, excellent practice
    around on a continuum from the use of paper-based technologies through to today's
    frontiers on the Internet. There has always been excellent practice, but it has
    tended to remain, stubbornly, in limited pockets of expertise - often widely
    acknowledged, but still pockets nonetheless.

    My question is, will we ever make ICT work for us ubiquitously in education - not
    just for interpersonal communication and data transfer, but in core teaching and
    learning - if we fail to make `old' technologies work ubiquitously first? In other
    words, is in-depth pedagogical experience using old technologies (text, graphics,
    audio, film, video etc) a precondition for effective use of today's ICT? After all,
    multimedia is itself a mixture of all these old technologies, combining familiar
    methods with an unfamiliar rigour. And what implications for strategy, for
    investment, for staff development, for implementation, emerge from the different
    ways this question is answered?

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    ==============================================================
    Rossen Rashev E-mail: Rossen.Rashev@gmd.de
    http://zeus.gmd.de/hci/pages/rossen.rashev.html
    Phone: +49 2241 14 28 70, FAX +49 2241 14 20 65
    GMD FIT Forschungszentrum Informationstechnik GmbH
    German National Research Center for Information Technology
    D-53754 Sankt Augustin, GERMANY (near Bonn)