Discussion: View Thread

  • 1.  Leader and Performance Measurement

    Posted 03-30-1999 10:46
    >On Mon, 29 Mar 1999 11:04:33 +0100 Geoff Atkinson <Geoff@CHANGENET.CO.UK> wrote (Subject: Re: >Leadership
    Outcomes and Measures of Them)

    > My understanding of outcome is in the context of a system - what we DO leads to some RESULTS, which are the
    >outputs of the system. When these outputs take their course, the state reached is the outcome - outside the
    system. (SNIP)
    > Using this systems model, I am extremely interested in the other part of the answer to George's original
    question posed. >(SNIP) My suggestions for the list of outcomes include:- change delivered effectively (I believe
    leadership to be necessary >only in changing situations) - increased ongoing staff motivation and commitment -
    better ongoing communication and decision >making .. but I repeat that much will be situational. Certainly the
    organisations who invest millions in leadership training >deserve more than an "act of faith" that their cash is
    returning value.
    > I'd be interested if we could re-boot this thread for a few more responses, focusing on outcomes rather than
    activity >measures.

    In an effort to reboot the leadership measures thread:
    Clearly, there are two distinct areas of interest. First is what are the leader's behaviors, characteristics,
    KSA, and congnitions. Second, given those, what impact, if any, do they have on parts of the organization, the
    entire organization, and on external stakeholders. Pfeffer, Meindel, Lord and Maher and others would argue that
    the link between nominal leader actions and organizational consequences are tentative at best. The best a leader
    can hope for is some "symbolic" impact. Any other attribution of organizational effects and leader behavior has
    more to do with subordinate perceptions and theories of organization than any real relationship.
    Hunt, Quinn, Bass and others argure, on the other hand, that leadership does make a difference in terms of
    organizational outcomes. The question, according to Hunt, is where and when does leadership make a difference? He
    also advocates the use of multiple measures to assess leadership outcomes. These outcomes can affect stakeholders
    within the organization (leadership in organizatons) or they can affect the organizaiton at large and/or its
    external stakeholders (leadership of organizations). This dichotomy is further complicated by the different levels
    of leadership (or leadership strata) within the organization. Much has been written about the lower strata and
    very little about the upper or strategic levels (except by business policy scholars).
    Given the richness of the field of leadership, both tradtional leadership and the new leadership, it is
    important to find psychometrically sound measures of both leader behavior and characteristics and leadership
    outcomes if our research is to amount to anything. Virtually all of the leadership measures I know of have either
    psychometric problems or computational problems. Take the MLQ and its multcolinearity problem, for example. I
    recently reviewed an examination of Kouzes and Posner's LPI where virtually all of their measures loaded onto a
    single factor. Needless to say we have problems in the area of leadership measures.
    Some leadership consultants I have talked to admit that the science behind the measures and tools they use in
    training and leadership interventions is weak at best. They use the measures, however, as a means of stimulating
    discussion and self examination.
    Given the measurement problems, we should use the best available but be aware of their shortfalls. My
    motivation in trying to catalog both measures of leader behavior and characteristics and leadership outcomes is to
    provide leadership researchers with a ready reference of the tools available and in use as well as the set of
    appropriate caveats.
    George Dodge
    Institute for Leadership Research
    Texas Tech University


  • 2.  Leader and Performance Measurement

    Posted 03-30-1999 13:30
    My apologies to the list. I meant for this to only go to George Dodd.

    I have initiated a retraction command, but it you get this, please
    disregard and discard.

    Thank you.

    Ed
    Drive On!

    >>> Edward Hampton <ehampton@MAIL.UCF.EDU> 03/30 1:15 PM >>>
    George,

    Thank you for this very cogent and informative post.

    I am the interim director for a leadership program (LEAD Scholars) at
    the University of Central Florida. I would be interested anything you
    might share about your work that you might deem useful to 300
    competitively selected freshmen and sophomores, either on developing
    their leadership or concepts/thoughts that may be of interest to them.

    I am personally fascinated by the idea of an organization
    intentionally
    studying leadership. Twenty three years in the Army as an Armor
    officer
    has forced me to be student of leadership. I would love the
    opportuntity to apply my experience to your work or to engage in
    leadership dialogue.

    Attached, please find two items: an overview of LEAD Scholars and my
    CV.

    Hope one or the other - preferably both - will stimulate enought
    interest to begin meaningful dialogue.

    Best wishes for continued success.

    Ed
    Drive On!

    >>> George Dodge <otdod@TTACS.TTU.EDU> 03/30 10:46 AM >>>
    >On Mon, 29 Mar 1999 11:04:33 +0100 Geoff Atkinson
    <Geoff@CHANGENET.CO.UK>
    wrote (Subject: Re: >Leadership
    Outcomes and Measures of Them)

    > My understanding of outcome is in the context of a system - what
    we DO leads to some RESULTS, which are the
    >outputs of the system. When these outputs take their course, the
    state
    reached is the outcome - outside the
    system. (SNIP)
    > Using this systems model, I am extremely interested in the
    other
    part of the answer to George's original
    question posed. >(SNIP) My suggestions for the list of outcomes
    include:- change delivered effectively (I believe
    leadership to be necessary >only in changing situations) - increased
    ongoing staff motivation and commitment -
    better ongoing communication and decision >making .. but I repeat that
    much will be situational. Certainly the
    organisations who invest millions in leadership training >deserve more
    than an "act of faith" that their cash is
    returning value.
    > I'd be interested if we could re-boot this thread for a few more
    responses, focusing on outcomes rather than
    activity >measures.

    In an effort to reboot the leadership measures thread:
    Clearly, there are two distinct areas of interest. First is what
    are the leader's behaviors, characteristics,
    KSA, and congnitions. Second, given those, what impact, if any, do
    they have on parts of the organization, the
    entire organization, and on external stakeholders. Pfeffer, Meindel,
    Lord and Maher and others would argue that
    the link between nominal leader actions and organizational
    consequences
    are tentative at best. The best a leader
    can hope for is some "symbolic" impact. Any other attribution of
    organizational effects and leader behavior has
    more to do with subordinate perceptions and theories of organization
    than any real relationship.
    Hunt, Quinn, Bass and others argure, on the other hand, that
    leadership does make a difference in terms of
    organizational outcomes. The question, according to Hunt, is where
    and
    when does leadership make a difference? He
    also advocates the use of multiple measures to assess leadership
    outcomes. These outcomes can affect stakeholders
    within the organization (leadership in organizatons) or they can
    affect
    the organizaiton at large and/or its
    external stakeholders (leadership of organizations). This dichotomy is
    further complicated by the different levels
    of leadership (or leadership strata) within the organization. Much
    has been written about the lower strata and
    very little about the upper or strategic levels (except by business
    policy scholars).
    Given the richness of the field of leadership, both tradtional
    leadership and the new leadership, it is
    important to find psychometrically sound measures of both leader
    behavior and characteristics and leadership
    outcomes if our research is to amount to anything. Virtually all of
    the leadership measures I know of have either
    psychometric problems or computational problems. Take the MLQ and its
    multcolinearity problem, for example. I
    recently reviewed an examination of Kouzes and Posner's LPI where
    virtually all of their measures loaded onto a
    single factor. Needless to say we have problems in the area of
    leadership measures.
    Some leadership consultants I have talked to admit that the
    science
    behind the measures and tools they use in
    training and leadership interventions is weak at best. They use the
    measures, however, as a means of stimulating
    discussion and self examination.
    Given the measurement problems, we should use the best available
    but be aware of their shortfalls. My
    motivation in trying to catalog both measures of leader behavior and
    characteristics and leadership outcomes is to
    provide leadership researchers with a ready reference of the tools
    available and in use as well as the set of
    appropriate caveats.
    George Dodge
    Institute for Leadership Research
    Texas Tech University